CONTRACEPTIVE METHODS: Identifying the best option for you.

 Ever heard the saying, ‘The best contraceptive in the world is a good education?’. Well, today we will be discussing in-depth the different methods of contraceptive. Contraceptives unlock one of the most dormant, but potentially powerful assets in development: women as decision-makers. In educating both men and women, is a wonderful contraceptive. Let’s get started;

First, let’s establish what a contraceptive method is? Contraceptive methods are also known as birth controls. In the most simplified language; these are methods designed to prevent pregnancy.

These methods have been put in place since ancient times, but effective and safe methods of birth control only became available in the 20th century.

What are these methods? :

• Hormonal Contraception: This involves the use of pills (oral), injections, patches and a vaginal ring.  There are two types of pill; the combined oral contraceptive pill and the progestogen-only contraceptive pill. The effectiveness depends on the user’s adherence to taking the pills. There is no available hormonal contraceptive for men.
• Barrier Method: These methods stop sperm from entering into the vagina. They include male and female condoms, cervical caps, diaphragms and contraceptive sponges with spermicide. Condoms are the most common method of contraceptives used globally.
• Intrauterine Devices (IUD): They are a form of long-acting reversible contraceptives which are the most effective types of reversible birth control. It can last for three, five or ten years. There are implants, which last for five years. Using this method, you don’t have to be cautious about taking pills.
• Sterilization: It is available in the form of tubal ligation for women and vasectomy for men.  Surgical sterilization method, although considered a permanent procedure, it is possible to attempt a tubal reversal to reconnect the fallopian tubes in women or a vasectomy reversal to reconnect the vasa deferentia in men.
• Fertility Awareness: Is another method of contraceptives. It is the ability to learn the signs of fertility in your menstrual cycle to help plan and avoid a pregnancy.
• Emergency Contraception: It involves the use of an emergency contraceptive pill (ECP) or a copper IUD. They are oftentimes given to victims of rape. They work primarily by preventing ovulation or fertilization. The copper IUD can be inserted up to five days after unprotected sex and ECP can be taken up to three days after unprotected sex.
• Abstinence: This form of the contraceptive method may be used as a form of birth control, simply put, meaning either not engaging in any type of sexual activity or specifically not engaging in vagina intercourse, while engaging in other forms of non-vaginal sex.

In conclusion, it is worthy to note that there are other forms of contraceptive methods like dual protection, withdrawal and lactation methods that are not discussed in this article. You may please consult your local healthcare service provider for guidance on the safest method for you.

Written by Team ALPHA of the SIMBIHealth Advocacy project.